| Born | April 23, 1791 |
| Birth Place | Mercersburg, Pennsylvania |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Spouse(s) | None (Bachelor) |
| Occupation | Lawyer, Diplomat |
| Religion | Presbyterian |
| Died | June 1, 1868 |
| Death Place | Lancaster, Pennsylvania |
James Buchanan was served as the 15th President of the United States. A popular and knowledgeable state politician and very successful attorney prior to his presidency. Buchanan's efforts to preserve peace between the North and the South alienated both sides, and the Southern states confirmed their secession in the prologue to the American Civil War. Buchanan's view of record was that secession was illegal, but that leaving to war to stop it was also illegal. Buchanan, first and leading an attorney, was noted for his mantra, "I acknowledge no master but the law." By the time he left office, popular opinion had turned beside him, and the Democratic Party had divide in two. He had once aspired to a presidency that would grade in history with that of George Washington.
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